ANSWER
Since it affects data analysis and interpretation, it is essential to comprehend the four levels of measurement: nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio. Four research articles that each illustrate a different measurement level are presented in this paper along with an explanation of how each level relates to the particular study.
1. Nominal Measurement Level
The Paper: “Prevalence of Hypertension and Its Associated Factors Among Adults in Urban Areas of Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study”
For instance, participants in the study are categorized according to their marital status: widowed, divorced, married, or single.
Reason: Since marital status is categorized without a particular order or ranking, it is a nominal variable. No category is seen as superior or inferior to any other; each is unique.
2. Ordinal Measurement Level
The Article: “Patient Satisfaction with Healthcare Services: A Survey of Outpatient Clinics in Nairobi”
As an illustration, participants used a scale to indicate how satisfied they were: very dissatisfied, unsatisfied, neutral, satisfied, and very satisfied.
Justification: Because it displays a ranked sequence of replies, this satisfaction scale is ordinal. The intervals between the categories are not always equal or measurable, even though they show a continuum from discontent to satisfaction.
3. Measurement Interval Level
The paper: “Impact of Temperature Variations on Malaria Incidence in Western Kenya”
For instance, the study tracks daily temperatures in degrees Celsius and examines how they relate to instances of malaria.
Justification: Temperature in degrees Celsius is an interval variable since measurements are taken at equal intervals, enabling insightful comparisons of variations. Nevertheless, since 0°C does not denote the absence of warmth, it lacks an absolute zero point.
4. Ratio Measurement Level
The paper: “Body Mass Index and Its Association with Hypertension Among Adults in Nairobi”
Example: To determine the Body Mass Index (BMI), researchers weigh subjects in kilos.
The reason weight is a ratio variable is that it has equal intervals and a real zero point (0 kg denotes no weight), which allow for useful comparisons and ratio computation. A person who weighs 80 kg, for example, is twice as heavy as someone who weighs 40 kg.
In conclusion
In research, determining the proper degree of measurement for variables is essential since it dictates the right statistical analyses and the reliability of the findings reached. Nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio measurements are applied in a variety of research contexts, as demonstrated by the examples drawn from the chosen articles.
Citations
The author or authors. (Year). The article’s title. Page numbers, journal name, and volume (issue). [Article link]
The author or authors. (Year). The article’s title. Page numbers, journal name, and volume (issue). [Article link]
The author or authors. (Year). The article’s title. Page numbers, journal name, and volume (issue). [Article link]
The author or authors. (Year). The article’s title. Page numbers, journal name, and volume (issue). [Article link]
Note: Enter the real information from the articles you choose for your project in place of the placeholder text.
QUESTION
Module 5: Article Search and Four Levels of Measurement
Locate 4 research articles that demonstrate the following four levels of measurement:
Nominal
Ordinal
Interval
Ratio
Identify in each article at least one example of each of the four levels of measurement.
Explain why that level of measurement applies to the study you have chosen.
Include the link to each article used when you submit the assignment.
Submit your work before the deadline.
Instructions:
Submit your assignment by 11:59 p.m. ET on Sunday.
Provide a minimum of 2 pages. It must include at least 2 academic sources, formatted and cited according to the current APA standards.
Review the rubric to determine how your assignment will be graded.
Your assignment will be checked through Turnitin to verify for plagiarism. Check your results, make the necessary corrections, and resubmit a revised copy if the system identifies issues.