PICOT Statement on Medication Errors in Inpatient Setups.
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December 19, 2020
PICOT Statement on Medication Errors in Inpatient Setups.
Medication errors are among the leading cause of prolonged patient stay, readmissions, and mortality globally. In the US alone, more than 7,000 occur annually as a result of medication errors. Most of the medication errors also produce adverse drug reactions to the patients, which affects the quality of care and overall patient trust and satisfaction (Alharbi et al.,2019). Almost half of these errors are preventable. Most common instances of errors include drug prescription, transcription, dispensing, and administration (Rodziewicz et al., 2020). This paper aims to derive a PICOT statement and put forth the research methodologies applied in the identification of applicable interventions. It will also mention the strategies to improve the search of articles from the database before forming the PICOT question.
The research databases used include CINAHL and PubMed. The search strategy on the databases included the use of keywords that included the problem and the intervention (Davies,2011).In PubMed, the initial search involved the use of only the problem whereby the database gave back 13,399 results, with 310 being systematic reviews. Inclusion of the word “interventions” reduced the search results to 9,066 with 266 reviews. The final search query included “computerized interventions to reduce medical errors.” The query gave only 166 results with 14 systematic reviews. The reduction of the results on changing the design of the query also reduced significantly while using CINAHL. This data demonstrates that the use of keywords determines the quality of article output from the databases. It also reduces the amount of time spent during the search.
Other relevant strategies to apply to include starting with the problem followed by the intervention in the formulation of the query, using other relevant search databases, and effective utilization of subject search like MESH (in Medline) instead of the large search boxes (Melnyk and Fineout-Overholt, 2018, Stillwell et al., 2010).
PICO(T) Question
P-Medical errors
I-Use of computerized provider order entry and clinical decision support systems
C-Manual (paperwork) handling of patient data
O-Increased quality of care with reduced patient readmission, adverse drug reactions and overall cost of care.
T-six months
Does the use of computerized provider order entry (CPOE) with clinical decision support systems (CDSS)(I) reduce the degree of occurrence of medical errors in inpatient setups (P) resulting to increased quality and cost of care (O) as compared to the traditional use of manual paperwork procedures (C) when applied in a six months’ timeframe?
PICOT Statement on Medication Errors in Inpatient Setups
References
Alharbi, W., Cleland, J., & Morrison, Z. (2019). Addressing medication errors in an adult oncology department in Saudi Arabia: A qualitative study. Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society, 27(5), 650–654. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2019.03.007
Davies, K. S. (2011). Formulating the evidence based practice question: A review of the frameworks for LIS professionals. Evidence Based Library and Information Practice, 6(2), 75–80. https://doi.org/10.18438/B8WS5N
Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2018). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best practice (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer
Rodziewicz, T. L., Houseman, B., & Hipskind, J. E. (2020). Medical Error Prevention. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.
Stillwell, S. B., Fineout-Overholt, E., Melnyk, B. M., & Williamson, K. M. (2010). Evidence-based practice, step by step: Asking the clinical question: A key step in evidence-based practice. American Journal of Nursing, 110(3), 58–61. doi:10.1097/01.NAJ.0000368959.11129.79
Question
• Create an answerable research question using the PICO(T) question format
• Apply effective search strategies to identify relevant peer-reviewed and systematic reviewed research
• Analyze strategies to increase rigor and effectiveness of database searches for PICO(T) questions
• Analyze levels of evidence in peer-reviewed research
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• Review the Resources and identify a clinical issue of interest that can form the basis of a clinical inquiry.
• Review the materials offering guidance on using databases, performing keyword searches, and developing PICO (T) questions provided in the Resources.
• Based on the clinical issue of interest and using keywords related to the clinical issue of interest, search at least two different databases in the Walden Library to identify at least four relevant peer-reviewed articles related to your clinical issue of interest. You should not be using systematic reviews for this assignment, select original research articles.
PICOT Statement on Medication Errors in Inpatient Setups