Nursing Grand Theories
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Nursing Grand Theories
Grand theories are global paradigms in nursing that are highly abstract theoretical systems that align nursing and disciplinary knowledge principles. Generally, the grand theories are classified into three groups based on human needs, interactive process, and unitary process. Moreover, the theories are different in terms of concepts, assumptions, implications, and application.
First, Martha E. Rogers is among the contributors of grand theories based on unitary human beings. The approach is based on assumptions that humans and the environment are a single entity (McEwen and Wills, 2019). The thesis argues that human beings are a part of the environment, and understanding environmental patterns enhance human beings’ understanding. The theory also consists of eight concepts: openness, pattern, pan-dimensionality,hemeodynamic principles, resonance, helicy, integrality, and energy. These concepts draw a mutual relationship between the environment and humans. The theory implies that humans and the environment are whole irreducible fields that coexist and are inherent. Roger’s approach is vital in a comprehensive assessment of patients and their environment to establish effective care and treatments.
Grand theories based on interactive processes differ from grand theories based on unitary human beings in all aspects. Dorothea Orem, a theorist of interactive process, assumes that people have a degree of independence in their lives (“Nursing theory,” 2021). In her theory, Orem stresses that humans are willing to be responsible for self-care as it brings a degree of fulfillment. The concepts, in theory, are self-care, Nursing system, and self-care deficit. The concepts address the ability of humans to take care of their universal needs independently. The theories imply that self-care should be integrated with treatment models to ensure patients feel helpful in the treatment process. The theory is applied in treating lifestyle diseases whereby patients have responsibilities of eating balanced diets and exercising to improve quality of life.
References
Library: Nursing theory: Theoretical models of evidence-based practice. (2021, January 20). Retrieved from https://libguides.daemen.edu/NurTheory/EBP-models
McEwen, M., & Wills, E. M. (2019). Theoretical basis for nursing (5th ed.). Retrieved from https://zu.edu.jo/UploadFile/Library/E_Books/Files/LibraryFile_171030_28.pdf
Question
Choose two grand nursing theories discussed this week in your readings. Compare them in terms of concepts, assumptions, implications, and application.
Theoretical Basis for Nursing
Author: Melanie McEwen and Evelyn M. Wills
Publisher: Wolters Kluwer
Edition: 5th (2019)
Availability: Available in your Vital Source Bookshelf
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association
Author: American Psychological Association
Publisher: American Psychological Association
Edition: 7th