Explain the rationale for classifying EHR, CPOEs, and CDSS as patient-centered management systems
Patient-Centric Healthcare
Patient-Centric Healthcare
Summary of the Author’s Main Points
The healthcare perspectives have undergone radical changes in perception. In the past, there was the hospital-centricview and illness-based model in which majority of the care was offered in hospitals. In a few decades,however, the model has shifted to a continuum of care view and wellness maintenance model. Today the patient-centric view is proposed where the patient participates in the care thatis delivered from the patients’ perspective. The healthcare system should focus on revolving around the patient than the patient should rotate around the hospital. The health information technology promotes high-qualityhealthcare (Murphy, 2011).
The healthcare has become more focused around the system that needsthe patient’s expense. The patient-centric system incorporates the patient and others as an integral constituent of the care team. Technology is a platform that can enhance the patient-centric care. eHealth is one of the most critical areas for impacting quality health care. Less is knownabout the extent by which the primary care physicians enhance the patient-centered care. Technology can greatly enhance patient experience in thefull participation in his or her care. The capacity to exchange healthcare information in all the care venues is one of theessential changes that can improve patient-centric care (Murphy, 2011).
The electronic health records (EHR), has meaningful initiatives that focus on the patient-centric care. The improvement in care coordination and engaging of families and patients are two of the five essential initiatives. The EHR should ensure that it can customize the delivery of patient’s information. The EHR is also capable of offering a summary of the care and an electronic copy of the discharge instructions. There is also the possibility of EHR to transmit the healthcare information from one healthcare to another.The use of technology in healthcare is fundamental to the reform of quality healthcare. Most patients can benefit from the help of demystifying the care experience through the use of health information technology (HIT) and the patient-centric practices (Murphy, 2011).
The Value and Challenges of CDSS and CPOEs to Achieve Patient-Centered Care Goals
According to IBM Corporation (2011), the clinical decision support system has several values. There are an improved healthcare quality and patient safety. The elements of patient safety include the savings associated with a reduction in the preventable adversative events. There is also the reduction in unnecessary medication. There is also the element of improved diagnosis and improved early detection. The CDSS has associated reduction in the operational costs. The costs are usually reduced through the enhancement of the performed tasks. There is save of time in data processing and the complex handling of documents. There is increased revenue optimization and realization which are the greatest benefits for the representative hospitals. ( Patient-Centric Healthcare
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There are three great challenges of the clinical decision support system. First, improving the effectiveness of the clinical decision support system (CDSS). The human-computer interface needs to be improved to enhance theefficiency of CDSS. No one can process and retain the entire content of the complex patient’s data. Second, developing new CDSS interventions whereby the creation and implementation of the CDSS are essential to enable organizations and clinicians deliver high-quality healthcare. Third, disseminating existing CDSS interventions and knowledge. The current success of the CDSS depends on the communication design to the clinical practice and management (Sittig et al., 2008).
The advanced CDSS helps the providers and clinicians to develop guidelines and care plans through theprovision of pathogenic or patient specific information. The CDSS goes beyond the computerized physician order entry systems (CPOEs) which may simply provide drug selection, duration, and dosing guidance. The advanced CDSS is comprised of tools that constantly gather and assess the patient information to determine the risks and provide patient-specific, evidence-based, and targeted alerts. The benefits of CPOEs could include improved patient outcomes and care. Some other benefits include test duplication, emergency room visits, hospitalization, and reduced errors (IBM Corporation, 2011).
The Pros and Cons of Linking HER to LIS, PIS, RIS
The hospital-based laboratories(Patient-Centric Healthcare ) that sustain consultation practices, reference laboratory, and outreach, have additional laboratory information system and functionality needs.The reference and laboratory outreach activities can benefit the laboratory and the healthcare systems where laboratory performs the entity tests that are not a constituent of the organization. The revenue of the organization as well as the test volumes can be increased by a LIS linked to EHR to a level that support and justify esoteric testing. There is, however, the disadvantage of a conflict arising between the departments specific Laboratory Information System and the organization EHR vendor(Sinard, Castellani, Wilkerson & Henricks, 2015).(Patient-Centric Healthcare )
The electronic health records facilitate medical prescriptions. The EHR permits the medications to be requested directly from the pharmacy and followed by subsequent checks. Researchers have demonstrated that the electronic prescriptions of medications may reduce the patients cost. The list of the existing drugs enhances the indication of generic medications. There is a considerable reduction of prescribed doses. The EHR enhances the prescriptions renewal as well as the subsequent alterations of doses. There is, however, some problems associated with the usage of EHR in pharmacy information systems. The benefits of the electronic patient records far outweigh the costs (Côrtes, Pedro Luiz, & Côrtes, Eliana Golfette de Paula, 2011). ( Patient-Centric Healthcare
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Explain the rationale for classifying EHR, CPOEs, and CDSS as patient-centered management systems
The Electronic Health Record is a patient-centric, point-of-care, and real-timeinformation resource for the clinicians. The EHR is an electronic record that is developed by one or more encounters in the health care settings. The EHRdevelops a clean track record of a care episode or underpins of care related activities including decision making. The EHR contains computerized records stored within the healthcare institutions. The nursing practices of understanding orders management through the EHR is of great importance. The EHR are the connective tissues to any patient’s orders. The EHR design is usually tailored for the patient quality and safety. Most of the electronic health records have the ability to be tailored to the individual clinical needs(Staggers, Weir & Phansalkar, 2008).
The computerized physician order entry is growing essential due to the complexity of orders management. The installation of the CPOE is recommended for the health system in the 21st century for its outstanding impact on the community of information technology. The CPOE helps to improve and support the patient safety. The Clinical decision-support system helps the nurses to identify the patient preferences. The preferences continuously provide the improvement to the extent that nurses can act in harmony with the patient preferences. The CDSS enables the nurses to appear as invisible partners of the healthcare process instead of decision makers. The nurses can make a large amount of care decisions on adaily basis(Staggers, Weir & Phansalkar, 2008).
References
Capturing Value from Patient-Centered Care. (2011). United States. Retrieved from https://www.ibm.com/smarterplanet/global/files/us__en_us__cai__value_patient_centere d_care.pdf
Côrtes, Pedro Luiz, & Côrtes, Eliana Golfette de Paula. (2011). Hospital information systems: a study of electronic patient records. JISTEM – Journal of Information Systems and Technology Management, 8(1), 131-154. Retrieved February 14, 2016, from http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1807- 17752011000100008&lng=en&tlng=en.
Murphy, J. (2011). Information systems & technology. Patient as center of the healthcare universe: A closer look at patient-centered care. Nursing Economics, 29(1), 35-37.
Sinard, J., Castellani, W., Wilkerson, M., & Henricks, W. (2015). Stand-alone Laboratory Information Systems Versus Laboratory Modules Incorporated in the Electronic Health Record. Archives Of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, 139(3), 311-318. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2013-0711-so
Sittig, D., Wright, A., Osheroff, J., Middleton, B., Teich, J., & Ash, J. et al. (2008). Grand challenges in clinical decision support. Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 41(2), 387- 392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2007.09.003
Staggers, N., Weir, C., & Phansalkar, S. (2008). Patient Safety and Health Information Technology: Role of the Electronic Health Record.Agency For Healthcare Research And Quality (US). Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2644