ANSWER
Infectious Disease
What exactly is a communicable disease?
A communicable disease spreads from person to person through various means, such as contact with blood and bodily fluids, inhaling an airborne virus, or being bitten by an insect.
Cases of communicable disease must be reported to plan and evaluate disease prevention and control programs, ensure appropriate medical therapy, and detect common-source outbreaks. According to California law, healthcare providers and laboratories must report over 80 diseases or conditions to their local health department. Hepatitis A, B, and C, influenza, measles, salmonella, and other food-borne illnesses are reportable communicable diseases.
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How do these contagious diseases spread?
The specific disease or infectious agent determines how these diseases spread. Some of the ways communicable diseases spread are as follows:
Touching an infected person (staphylococcus), sexual contact (gonorrhea, HIV), fecal/oral transmission (hepatitis A), or droplets (influenza, TB)
contact with a contaminated surface or object (the Norwalk virus), food (salmonella, E. coli), blood (HIV, hepatitis B), or water (cholera);
bites from disease-carrying insects or animals (mosquito: malaria and yellow fever; flea: plague); and
Tuberculosis and measles are examples of diseases that spread through the air.
QUESTION
Communicable Diseases Affecting Your Community
What was the last communicable diseases affecting your community and what were the primary, secondary and tertiary preventions that the community health nurses have undertaken to prevent the spread of the disease?