Abdomen and Gastrointestinal

ANSWER

Diseases of the Gastrointestinal
Gastrointestinal diseases include GERD, diarrhea, and colorectal cancer. When examined, some diseases show no abnormalities in the GI tract, but there are still symptoms. Other diseases have symptoms, and there are visible GI tract irregularities. The majority of gastrointestinal diseases can be avoided and treated.
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What precisely are gastrointestinal diseases?

Gastrointestinal diseases affect the digestive tract from the mouth to the anus. Functional and structural are the two types. Nausea/vomiting, food poisoning, lactose intolerance, and diarrhea are a few examples.

What exactly are functional gastrointestinal disorders?

Functional diseases are when the GI tract appears normal but does not move properly. They are the most common gastrointestinal issues (including the colon and rectum). Common symptoms include constipation, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), nausea, food poisoning, gas, bloating, GERD, and diarrhea.

Many factors can disrupt your GI tract’s motility (ability to move), including:

Consuming a low-fiber diet.

Inadequate physical activity.

Traveling or other routine changes

Consuming many dairy products.

Stress.

Refusing to have a bowel movement, possibly due to hemorrhoids.

Overuse of anti-diarrheal medications, which weaken the bowel muscle movements known as motility over time.

Taking calcium or aluminum-containing antacids.

Taking specific medications (especially antidepressants, iron pills, and strong pain medicines such as narcotics).

Pregnancy.

What exactly are structural GI diseases?

Structural gastrointestinal diseases are when your bowel appears abnormal on examination and fails to function properly. Sometimes the structural abnormality must be surgically removed. Strictures, stenosis, hemorrhoids, diverticular disease, colon polyps, colon cancer, and inflammatory bowel disease are all structural GI diseases.
Abdomen and Gastrointestinal

QUESTION
· Case Study #3: Abdomen and Gastrointestinal

· Bates Assessment Videos – OSCE 2 – Abdominal Pain(transcripts)

(This is a 64‐year‐old stock broker, recently separated from his wife, who presents with increased epigastric pain over the prior two days and excess drinking. On examination, his blood pressure is slightly elevated to 140 over 88 and his heart rate is elevated to 110. His temperature is slightly elevated, suggesting alcohol withdrawal. His heart and lung examinations are normal. His abdominal examination shows epigastric tenderness and liver tenderness. There is no CVA tenderness. He has no nystagmus, tremor, or asterixis also often seen in alcohol withdraw)

1-Assess the case study

2-Answer the questions within the case study

What possible causes of abdominal pain are you considering?

What further questions would you have in light of this drinking pattern?

What areas of the physical examination are most important for this patient?

List your diagnostic considerations in order of importance and explain your rationale

List 5 next steps in your diagnostic workup.

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